Infectious Diseases
1. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI).
***) The commonest causes of
urinary tract infections are:
A.
Proteus species
B.
Escherichia coli
C.
Klebsiella
D.
Pseudomonas
E.
Citrobacter species
Answer: B* Escherichia coli
***) A 3 year old boy presents
to you with recurrent urinary tract infection. Renal ultrasound was normal.
Your next step of investigation would be:
Intravenous urogram
Isotope scan
No need for further
investigations
Voiding cystourethrogram
Cystoscopy
Answer: D* Voiding
cystourethrogram
???) The major organic cause of
recurrent abdominal pain in children is:
Peptic ulcer
Urinary tract infection
Meckel's diverticulitis
Megacolon
Regional enteritis
Answer: 2* Urinary tract
infection
???) The definitive test for
urinary tract infection in a 10 years old girl is:
IVP
MCU (Micturating
cystouretherogram)
CBC
Urine routine analysis
Urine culture with significant
bacteriuria
Answer: 5* Urine culture with
significant bacteriuria
2. Streptococcal Pharyngitis.
???) Which one of the following
conditions needs treatment:
Erythema toxicum of the newborn
Withdrawal vaginal bleeding at
third day of life
Mongolian spots
Mastitis neonatorum
Impetigo neonatorum
Answer: 5* Impetigo neonatorum
***) Concerning impetigo all of
the following are true, except:
Is highly contagious
The drug of choice in children
is tetracycline
Is usually caused by a
staphylococcal infection
In an infant may be complicated
by generalized exfoliation
It effects mainly the nostrils
and perioral areas
Answer: 2* The drug of choice in children is
tetracycline
3. Scarlet Fever.
???) All of the following about
rash are true, except:
In measles the rash is a
maculopapular, begins on the head and spread downwards
In scarlet fever the rash is
vesicular and petechial
In erythema infectiosum the rash
begins as a marked erythema of the cheeks
In varicella rash is
polymorphic, but mainly vesicular
In rubella the rash is
maculopapular, associated with postauricular and suboccipital lymphadenopathy
Answer: 2* In scarlet fever the
rash is vesicular and petechial
4. Rheumatic Fever.
???) Which one of the following
is not a collagen disease in children:
Rheumatic fever
Sclerema
Rheumatoid arthritis
SLE (systemic lupus
erythematodes)
Dermatomyositis
Answer: 1* Rheumatic fever
???) ??? One of the following is
the pathognomonic rash of rheumatic fever:
Erythema multiforme of the limbs
Erythema nodosum of the back
Erythema nodosum of the trunk
Purpura on the lateral aspect of
buttocks
Purpura on the lower extremities
Answer: 1* Erythema multiforme
of the limbs
5. Infectious Mononucleosis.
***) All of the following are
true about infectious mononucleosis, except:
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly in 50% of cases
The drug of choice in children
is chloramphenicol
The classic picture is rarely
seen in the blood film
Atypical lymphocytes are usually
seen in the blood film
Answer: C* The drug of choice in
children is chloramphenicol
***) The lymph node enlargement
in infectious mononucleosis most commonly involve:
Cervical group
Occipital nodes
Axillary group
Epitrochlear group
Inguinal group
Answer: 1* Cervical group
***) In infectious mononucleosis
all are true, except:
Hepatomegaly may present
Lymphadenopathy is presenting
sign
Skin rash (maculopapular) may
present
Aacyclovir is an effective
therapy
The incubation period is 25-50
days
Answer: 5* The incubation period
is 25-50 days
6. Pertussis.
***) All of the following are
the characteristics of pertussis, except:
A.
World-wide in distribution
B.
May occur in both sexes
C.
May occur at any age
D.
Newborn immune for about three months
E.
Lesions located principally in bronchiand bronchioles
Answer: D* Newborn immune for
about three months
???) Concerning whooping cough
all of the following are true, except:
The incubation period is 7-10
days
The diagnosis is achieved if
proved bacteriologically
There is typically marked
lymphocytosis
The paroxismal stage lasts four
to six weeks
Specific treatment in infancy
includes erythromycin
Answer: 2* The diagnosis is
achieved if proved bacteriologically
7. Varicella (Chickenpox).
***) All of the following are
the characteristics of varicella (chickenpox), except:
A.
One attack confirms lifelong immunity
B.
Distribution of lesion predominantly centripetal
C.
The peripheral blood picture is essentially unchanged
D.
Incubation period ranges from 10 to 20 days
E.
Varicella is generally much more severe in children than in
adults
Answer: E* Varicella is
generally much more severe in children than in adults
***) The rash in chickenpox
shows the following characteristic features, except:
A.
Centripetal in distribution
B.
All stages and sizes at the same time could be seen
C.
Superficial
D.
The causative agent is herpes virus
E.
Scalp and mucous membranes are preserved (not involved)
Answer: E* Scalp and mucous
membranes are preserved (not involved)
***) Regarding chickenpox
(varicella) all are true, except:
A.
Incubation period is 14-21 days
B.
Most common complication is subacute sclerosing
panencephalitis
C.
Polymorphic rash
D.
The epidemics have been initiated by exposure to herpes
zoster
E.
Children receiving steroids are at great risk for severe
chickenpox
Answer: B* Most common
complication is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
***) Chickenpox is characterized
by:
A.
Long prodromal period around 4 weeks
B.
Severe systemic symptoms in children
C.
High contagion index
D.
Maculo-papular rash
E.
Frequent occurrence of associated pneumonia
Answer: C* High contagion index
***) Regarding varicella
(chickenpox), all are true except:
A.
It is vesicular rash
B.
Incubation period less than one week
C.
Different stages of maturation of skin lesions
D.
Its more benign in children than in adults
E.
Can lead to congenital varicella syndrome
Answer: B* Incubation period
less than one week
8. Roseola.
***) Which one of the following
statements concerning Roseola is true:
A.
Etiology is believed to be due to Coxsackie virus
B.
Fever is usually high at the onset
C.
Rash begins with a slapped cheek appearance
D.
The illness is not contagious
E.
The rash leaves temporary hypopigmented areas after fading
Answer: B* Fever is usually high
at the onset
9. Measles.
***) Regarding the incubation
period all of the following are true, except:
A.
Mumps 12-25 days
B.
Measles 14-21 days
C.
Rubella 14-21 days
D.
Hepatitis A 3-8 weeks
E.
Hepatitis B 6-24 weeks
Answer: D* Measles 14-21 days
***) Which one of the following
infections typically has incubation period of less than 2 weeks:
A.
Mumps
B.
Varicella
C.
Rubella
D.
Measles
E.
Rabies
Answer: D* Measles
***) All of the following are
features of measles, except:
A.
Prodromal signs such as fever and anorexia last 3 to 4 days
B.
The sub-occipital lymph nodes are enlarged
C.
Koplik’s spots are visible 2 to 3 days before the onset of
rash
D.
The rash starts behind the ears and spreads to the
forehead, face and down the body
E.
The incubation period is one to two weeks
Answer: B* The sub-occipital
lymph nodes are enlarged
***) Regarding measles in Jordan
all are false, except:
A.
The peak of incidence is among infants
B.
Vaccine coverage is complete
C.
Incidence among children is shifting to older age group
D.
The vaccine is made of killed bacteria
E.
The cold chain is weak
Answer: C* Incidence among
children is shifting to older age group
***) In measles the rash and
accompanying illness reach a climax on about the:
A.
2nd day
B.
3rd day
C.
6th day
D.
9th day
E.
12th day
Answer: C* 6th day
***) Koplik’s spots are
pathognomonic of one of the following:
A.
Rubella
B.
Measles
C.
Chicken pox
D.
Scarlet fever
E.
Mumps
Answer: B* Measles
???) Comparing measles (Rubeola)
with German measles (Rubella) all of the following are true, except:
The incubation period is shorter
The temperature is higher
Pre-rash symptoms are of longer
duration
Koplik's spots are pathognomonic
Sub-occipital lymph nodes are
more prominent
Answer: 5* Sub-occipital lymph
nodes are more prominent
10.
Mumps.
***) Regarding Mumps, all are
true except:
A.
Incubation period is 12-25 days
B.
Parotitis
C.
Conjunctivitis
D.
Orchitis
E.
Encephalitis
Answer: C* Conjunctivitis
***) The percent of persons who
develop inapparent infection by Mixovirus parotitis (mumps) is:
A.
5%
B.
15%
C.
20%
D.
35%
E.
55%
Answer: D*35%
???) An 3,5 year old boy is
brought with the history of fever and swelling in the left side of the neck of
2 days duration. All are true about the management of this boy, except:
The extension of swelling behind
the ear lobe helps pointing to mumps rather than cervical adenitis
In mumps the serum amylase is
elevated while it is normal in cervical adenitis
The treatment of cervical
adenitis is by penicillin G
The best way to differentiate
mumps from cervical adenitis is by needle aspiration of the swelling for
culture purposes
If this proves to be mumps
immunity will be lifelong
Answer: 4* The best way to
differentiate mumps from cervical adenitis is by needle aspiration of the
swelling for culture purposes
11.
Rubella (German Measles).
***) Concerning rubella all of
the following statements are true, except:
A.
A large proportion of rubella cases are seen in infants and
children
B.
Preventing infection of the fetus is a major objective of
immunization program
C.
The only reliable evidence of rubella immunity is a history
of having had the illness
D.
80-90% of young adults have serological evidence of post
infection immunity
E.
Incubation period of rubella is 7-10 days
Answer: E* Incubation period of
rubella is 7-10 days
***) The syndrome of congenital
rubella includes all of the following abnormalities, except:
A.
Heart disease
B.
Cleft palate
C.
Auditory defect
D.
Hepatosplenomegaly and jaundice
E.
Meningo-encephalitis
Answer: E* Meningo-encephalitis
***) Which one of the following
is usually not regarded as a manifestation of congenital rubella:
A.
Cataracts
B.
Deafness
C.
Microcephaly
D.
Meningocele
E.
Hepatosplenomegaly
Answer: D* Meningocele
***) One of the following is
true:
A.
Incubation period of mumps 21-28 days
B.
Incubation period of varicella 7-14
C.
Incubation period of mononucleosis in adolescents is 2-3
weeks
D.
Incubation period of rubella is 14-21 days
E.
Incubation period of measles is 14-18 days
Answer: D* Incubation period of
rubella is 14-21 days
12.
Erythema lnfectiosum.
***) The rash of erythema
infectiosum appears first on the:
Face
Arms
Trunk
Legs
Hands
Answer: A* Face
13.
Reye Syndrome.
***) Reye’s syndrome is a
disease characterized by;
A.
Encephalopathy
B.
Encephalopathy with recent history of paracetamol intake
C.
Encephalopathy with recent history of salicylate intake
D.
Meningitis with history of salicylate intake
E.
Meningo-encephalitis
Answer: C* Encephalopathy with
recent history of salicylate intake
14.
Poliomyelitis.
???) Which of the following
disease has the longest incubation period:
Mumps
Measles
Diphtheria
Chickenpox
Poliomyelitis
Answer: 5* Poliomyelitis
???) Poliomyelitis is
characterized by all of the following, except:
Limbs weakness is symmetrical
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell
count is high in the first weeks of illness
Fibrillations are present on
electromyography examination
Caused by virus
Preventable by vaccination
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